Solar Energy 101
Intro to Solar Energy
What is solar energy?
As the world increasingly turns to renewable energy to combat climate change, solar power is gaining traction all over the world, including Indonesia. Solar energy harnesses radiation from the sun and converts it into electricity using photovoltaic panels. Unlike fossil fuels, solar energy is renewable and doesn't produce harmful emissions.
How solar panels work
Photovoltaic cells made from semiconductors like silicon generate electricity when sunlight strikes them. The direct current (DC) produced is converted into alternating current (AC) by an inverter, making it usable for homes and businesses.
Three types of solar panels
- Monocrystalline — high-efficiency black panels offering maximum output
- Polycrystalline — blue-colored panels balancing performance with affordability
- Thin-film — lightweight, portable panels with lower efficiency
Three types of solar systems
- On-Grid — connected to the utility grid (PLN in Indonesia)
- Off-Grid — independent systems with battery storage
- Hybrid — grid-connected with battery backup capability
Lifespan & durability
Solar panels typically have a lifespan of 25 to 30 years with minimal maintenance required, and generate electricity without producing CO2 or other pollutants.